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  509 Parker Avenue, Plainedge, New York 11756  (516) 796-1249 Fax (516) 796-0692

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Plumbing

This page is intended to help understand common problems related to plumbing

Clogged Drains

Over the years the inside of most drain pipes become clogged up with soap, grease and food  residue. Many times homeowners don't realize how slow there drains are until something new is added or the entire kitchen or bathroom is redone. When the drain system is opened up and left open during construction, the residue in the pipes dries out. When the new work is completed and the water flows again, this dried out residue becomes swelled up and may increase twice in size. This usually results in a clogged or slow running drain. This is due to contraction of the residue and then expansion when the system returns to standard use. This system then must be snaked out to clean the entire interior sections of piping.

New Toilets and showerheads

It's not just low flow, it's the law. In 1995, the National Energy Policy Act mandated the use of toilets that use no more than 1.6 gallons of water per flush. Since then, low-flow plumbing fixtures including toilets, faucet aerators and showerheads have been developed that save substantial amounts of water compared to conventional fixtures while providing the same utility.

Details

Different types of low-flow toilets use various technologies aimed at making the toilet more functional. Some toilets have large drain passages, redesigned bowls and tanks for easier wash down. Others supplement the gravity system with water supply line pressure, compressed air, or a vacuum pump.

Conventional faucet aerators don't compensate for changes in inlet pressure, so the greater the water pressure, the more water you use. New technology compensates for pressure and provides the same flow regardless of pressure. Aerators are also available that allow water to be turned off at the aerator itself. Showerheads use similar aerator technology and multiple flow settings to save water.

Low-flow toilets use a maximum of 1.6 gallons of water per flush compared with about five to seven gallons of water used by a standard toilet. Low-flow shower heads use about 2 ½ gallons of water per minute compared to between four and five gallons per minute used by conventional heads. Low-flow faucet aerators can cut the water usage of faucets by as much as 40% from 4 gallons per minute to 2 ½ .


Benefits/Costs

Easy installation procedures make low flow plumbing fixtures feasible for retrofitting. It is estimated that low-flow toilets alone could save up to 22,000 gallons of water per year for a family of four. Low-flow plumbing fixtures are available in all the styles and colors of conventional fixtures. Low-flow faucet aerators and showerheads are available at little additional cost.


Limitations

There have been complaints that the low-flow toilets have trouble clearing the bowl and frequently clog. There is a higher cost associated with low-flow fixtures over conventional fixtures.


Code/Regulatory

Low flow plumbing fixtures must meet the appropriate American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards listed by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO)

Outside Faucets/Hose Bibs

To prevent pipes from freezing during the cold weather seasons, your outside hose bibs should be turned off.  To properly prepare outside faucets, follow these steps:
  1. Inside your home, find the valve for the outside hose bib.
  2. Turn the valve to the right, turning the water off.
  3. Outside, disconnect the hose from the bib, drain the water from the hose and store away.
  4. Turn the valve to the left to drain water from the faucet.
  5. Leave the valve outside your home open to drain the faucet until Spring arrives.

Furnace Filters

Change or clean furnace filters on a monthly basis.  Properly maintaining these filters can save you money.  Soiled filters can cause your heating system to run inefficiently.  The filter is found on the furnace, return air duct, or filter return grill.

Dinapoli Plumbing Supply in Mineola carries a complete line of replacement plumbing parts

You can visit them at this site Link  Dinapoli

Carbon Monoxide

If your home contains any appliance which burns fuel and the appliance is not properly vented, this may put you and your family at potential risk for carbon monoxide poisoning.  Such appliances include (but are not limited to):

  • furnaces
  • fireplaces
  • wood burning and coal burning stoves
  • water heaters
  • ovens
  • ranges
  • clothes dryers
  • space heaters
  • charcoal grills

All of your fuel-burning appliances should be checked on a yearly basis for carbon monoxide leaks.  THIS COULD SAVE A LIFE.  Additionally, since carbon monoxide is colorless and odorless, purchasing a reliable carbon monoxide detector is a wise investment.

US Consumer Product Safety Commission   CPSC PRESS RELEASE ON CARBON MONOXIDE 1996 

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Carbon Monoxide is the leading cause of accidental poisoning deaths in America, according to the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). 1,500 people die annually due to accidental carbon monoxide exposure, and additional 10,000 seek medical attention. (Medical experts agree that it's difficult to estimate the total number of carbon monoxide incidents because the symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning resemble so many other common ailments.)

Carbon monoxide is a flammable, colorless, odorless, tasteless toxic gas produced during incomplete combustion of fuel - Natural Gas, Oil, Coal, Wood, Kerosene, etc.

During normal combustion, each atom of carbon in the burning fuel joins with two atoms of oxygen - forming a harmless gas called carbon dioxide. When there is a lack of oxygen to ensure complete combustion of the fuel, each atom of carbon links up with only one atom of oxygen - forming carbon monoxide gas. 

What is the danger to me? 
Carbon monoxide inhibits the blood's capacity to carry oxygen. In our lungs, CO quickly passes into our bloodstream and attaches itself to hemoglobin (oxygen carrying pigment in red blood cells). Hemoglobin readily accepts carbon monoxide - even over the life giving oxygen atoms (as much as 200 times as readily as oxygen) forming a toxic compound known as carboxyhemoglobin (COHb).

By replacing oxygen with carbon monoxide in our blood, our bodies poison themselves by cutting off the needed oxygen to our organs and cells, causing various amounts of damage - depending on exposure. 

Low levels of carbon monoxide poisoning (with COHb levels of 10%) result in symptoms commonly mistaken for common flu and cold symptoms - shortness of breath on mild exertion, mild headaches, nausea.

With higher levels of poisoning (COHb levels of 30%) the symptoms become more severe - dizziness, mental confusion, severe headaches, nausea, fainting on mild exertion.

At high levels (CHOb of 50% or more) there may be unconsciousness and death.

How does CO enter the home?
Carbon monoxide can escape from any fuel-burning appliance, furnace, water heater, fireplace, woodstove, or space heater.

Most newer homes are built very air-tight, thus cutting down on the supply of fresh air to your furnace - and creating an oxygen starved flame. Tight closing replacement windows and doors, as well as additional insulation can cause similar problems in older homes. 

Carbon monoxide can spill from vent connections in poorly maintained or blocked chimneys. If the flue liner is cracked or deteriorated, CO can seep through the liner and into the house - slowly creeping up to dangerous levels. If a nest or other materials restrict or block the flue, CO will mostly spill back into the house.

Improperly sized flues connected to new high-efficiency furnaces and water heaters can also contribute to CO spillage. (Many new furnaces and water heaters are installed using the existing chimneys which may be the wrong size to allow the furnace to vent properly.) 

Warming up vehicles in an attached garage, even with the garage door opened, can allow concentrated amounts of CO to enter your home through the car port door or near-by windows.

What to do in a CO emergency.
If you are suffering from chronic flu-like symptoms, see your doctor and ask him if it could be a low-level CO poisoning.

If you have a CO detector, and it alarms, open windows and ventilate your home w/ fresh air, have your heating system checked by a professional. 

If your alarm sounds and you are feeling drowsy or dizzy, leave the house and call 911 from your neighbors home. You may need medical attention for CO poisoning. 

US Consumer Product Safety Commission

Related Plumbing Links

J.R. SMITH DELTA FAUCET J.R. SMITH  
KOHLER SIGMA AMERICH ELJER
AMERICH ELKAY SLOAN FLUSHMATE  
AMERICAN STANDARD ELJER KOHLER SIGMA
FLUIDMASTER BRIGGS MFG. COMPANY FRANKE MOEN
PRICE PFISTER PEERLESS FAUCET CENTRAL BRASS GROHE
CHICAGO FAUCET HALSEY TAYLOR    
       
       
 

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Last modified: August 10, 2010